Facts about Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions

1. 07

   Hofstede's Masculinity versus Femininity dimension scores Japan at 95 and Sweden at 5, reflecting stark differences in competitive versus cooperative cultural values.

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2. 06

   Hofstede's Long-Term versus Short-Term Orientation dimension, introduced in 1991, ranks China highest at 118 and Pakistan lowest at 0 on his extended scale.

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3. 05

   The Individualism versus Collectivism dimension, Hofstede's most widely cited measure, places the United States at 91 and Guatemala at 6 on his scale.

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4. 04

   Hofstede's Uncertainty Avoidance dimension rates Greece highest at 112 and Singapore lowest at 8 among the countries studied, reflecting differing tolerances for ambiguity.

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5. 03

   Power distance, measuring inequality acceptance across societies, scores Japan at 54 and Austria at 11 on Hofstede's 0-100 scale.

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6. 02

   In 2010, Hofstede added a sixth dimension called Indulgence versus Restraint after analyzing data from 93 countries and regions.

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7. 01

   Geert Hofstede's original 1980 study analyzed IBM employees across 50 countries to develop his five cultural dimensions framework.

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